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Industrial and commercial users are generally manufacturers, retail traders and office buildings. Together they represent approximately 10% of total mains water use – about 20 GL per year.
This water is of drinking water quality standards and in some cases could be substituted with recycled water or stormwater. Local groundwater is also used for some industrial and commercial purposes.
There is evidence to suggest that industrial and commercial users can still cost-effectively reduce overall water use by about 10% (about 2000 ML per annum) through a number of efficiency measures.
Key strategies relate to:
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